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Noise + Acoustic Monitoring Handbook
Approximately 150 pages
by Bob Peters
Hardback
£39 / $66/Euros 66
plus £4 / $8/ Euros 66p&p
Publication date: March 2002
ISBN: 1 901892 042
Sold with a 28 day money back guarantee

An ideal - and affordable - text for engineers and maintenance professional with an interest in noise + acoustic monitoring. This title does not attempt to baffle with the technology, but introduces it at an understandable level, touching on the basic theory and concepts, available equipment and practical issues relevant to the engineer as well as highlighting several case studies with which the reader can relate. Other books in this twelve title series focus on thermography, wear debris analysis, vibration, level, leakage and flow, ultrasonics and oil analysis.

Contents

Notations
Symbols and units used within the book
Multi Notations

Chapter One

INTRODUCTION TO NOISE & ACOUSTIC MONITORING

1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 THE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS OF NOISE SIGNALS
1.2.1 Human listening
1.2.2 Human/machine interaction
1.2.3 Instrumentation
1.2.4 Sounds of failure
1.2.5 Advantages and disadvantages
1.3 SCOPE

Chapter Two

BASIC CONCEPTS AND THEORY

2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 THE NATURE OF SOUND
2.2.1 The pure tone
2.2.2 Wavelength
2.2.3 Peak and rms sound pressures
2.2.4 The behaviour of sound waves a. Diffraction b. Reflection and absorption c. Refraction
2.3 HUMAN AWARENESS OF SOUND
2.3.1 The audible frequency range
2.3.2 The audible sound pressure range
2.3.3 The decibel scale
2.3.4 Background noise effects
2.3.5 Loudness
2.4 SOUND ANALYSIS
2.4.1 Frequency weighting networks
2.4.2 Frequency analysis
2.4.3 Level versus time variations
2.4.4 Fast and slow time weightings
2.4.5 Single figure noise indices
2.4.6 Measurement of sound intensity
2.5 SOUND PROPAGATION
2.5.1 Sound intensity and the effect of distance
2.5.2 Real noise sources: near and far fields
2.5.3 The behaviour of sound in enclosed spaces
2.6 SUMMARY OF POSSIBLE NOISE ŒSIGNATURES¹ FOR CONDITION MONITORING
2.6.1 The acoustic waveform - the graph of sound pressure versus time
2.6.2 The sound level versus time history
2.6.3 The frequency spectrum - the graph of sound level versus frequency
2.6.4 Measurement of noise indices
2.7 MECHANISMS OF NOISE PRODUCTION
2.7.1 Sound radiation from vibrating surfaces
2.7.2 Aerodynamically generated noise
2.7.3 Noise generated by impacts
2.7.4 Multi sources of noise in machinery
2.8 THE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON MAN
2.8.1 Noise induced hearing loss
2.8.2 Interference with communication
2.8.3 Sleep disturbance
2.8.4 Annoyance
2.8.5 Reduced/improved performance of tasks
2.8.6 Stress related effects of noise
2.8.7 Effects on social behaviour

Chapter Three

PRACTICAL ISSUES

3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE
3.2.1 Measurement in enclosed spaces a. The effect of background noise b. The effect of room characteristics
3.2.2 The effect of distance on the measurement of sound
3.3 STANDARD ACOUSTIC TEST ENVIRONMENTS - ANECHOIC AND REVERBERANT ROOMS

3.4 THE SPECIFICATION OF NOISE EMISSION FROM MACHINERY
3.5 THE USE OF EQUIPMENT
3.5.1 Pre-measurement checks
3.5.2 Microphone care
3.5.3 Calibration a. Microphones b. Complete systems
3.5.4 Use of windshield
3.5.5 Selection of measurement parameters
3.6 SELECTION OF MEASUREMENT POSITION
3.6.1 Environmental influences a. Wind b. Moisture c. Electromagnetic radiation d. General
3.7 THE ACCURACY OF NOISE MEASUREMENTS
3.7.1 Post-measurement checks 3.8 MEASUREMENT REPORT FORMS
3.9 SPECIALIST NOISE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
3.10 SYSTEMATIC APPROACH

Chapter Four

EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 THE BASIC SOUND LEVEL METER
4.2.1 The microphone
4.2.2 The preamplifier and amplifier stages
4.2.3 Frequency weighting networks
4.2.4 Frequency analysis filters
4.2.5 The detector and indicator circuits
4.2.6 The output/display
4.2.7 Digital sound level meters
4.2.8 Additional sound level meter features
4.2.9 Accessories
4.3 IMPULSE SOUND LEVEL METERS
4.4 INTEGRATING SOUND LEVEL METERS
4.5 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION FOR SOUND LEVEL METERS
4.6 CALIBRATORS
4.7 MICROPHONES
4.8 DATA ACQUISITION
4.8.1 Tape recorders
4.8.2 DAT recorders
4.8.3 Data loggers and environmental noise analysers
4.8.4 Computers, data loggers and the virtual sound level meter
4.9 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
4.9.1 Real time analysers
4.9.2 Narrow band frequency analysers (including FFT analysers)
4.9.3 Building acoustics analysers and measurement of machinery noise emission
4.9.4 Sound intensity meters
4.9.5 Noise dosemeters, or Œdosimeters¹
4.9.6 Outdoor sound level meters and remote sound level monitors

Chapter Five

APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES

5.1 APPLICATIONS
5.1.1 Machinery/system condition
5.1.2 Monitoring to a standard
5.1.3 System diagnostics
5.2 CASE STUDIES
5.2.1 Experimental testing a. Automobile gear box - faulty bearings, damaged gear teeth b. Fibre-optic gyroscopes - light source and fibre failures
5.2.2 Production testing a. Production line testing of vehicle engine dampers b. Quality testing of transfer box whine c. Bearing test machine d. Imperfections in steel rods e. Fault diagnosis system for motor vehicle engines
5.2.3 Industrial or field use a. Automobile body seals - in car monitoring b. Underground surface conveyors - bearing idlers c. Vehicle pneumatic tyres - rolling tests and road tests d. Corona discharge in a transformer e. Railway wheels and track - wheels f. Railway wheels and track - track

Chapter Six

BUYERS GUIDE

6.1 COMPANIES
6.2 PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND HIRE Analysers, Calibrators, Data acquisition, Recorders & Loggers, Dosimeters, Hire, Leak noise detection , Microphones and accessories, Monitoring systems, Software, Sound level meters, Testing
6.3 CONSULTANCY SERVICES AND PUBLICITY Consultants, Publicity, Surveys, Training

Chapter Seven

REFERENCE SECTION

7.1 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
7.2 TABLES
7.3 STANDARDS
7.3.1 British Standards Institution [BSI] [used in the book]
7.3.2 International Standards Organisation [ISO]
7.4 REFERENCES
7.5 BIBLIOGRAPHY (not referred to in the book)
7.5.1 Books
7.5.2 Journals

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